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Authors: Rezvan Yaghoubfar, Ehsan Zare BanadKoki, Fatemeh Ashrafian, Arefeh Shahryari, Arian Kariman, Mehdi Davari, Abolfazl Fateh, Shohreh Khatami, Seyed Davar Siadat
A better understanding of host-microbe interaction as a cross-talk between the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and the gut microbiota by improving the maintenance of GI homeostasis can help treat and prevent GI disorders. Gut microbiota can affect signaling molecules like serotonin, which regulate endocrine systems through the GI tract. While studying the importance of gut microbiota effects in the small intestine is also pivotal in humans’ GI health. Here, we investigated the potential role of Akkermansia muciniphila as a next-generation probiotic and its Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) as a post-biotic in regulating the serotonin-related gene system in the duodenum and ileum of the small intestine of mice. A. muciniphila significantly affected the mRNA expression of genes involved in the serotonin system (Tph1, Slc6a4a, Mao, Htr3B, Htr4, and Htr7) in the duodenum and ileum of mice (P < 0.05). Moreover, A. muciniphila-derived EVs could impact the expression of major genes involved in the serotonin system (Tph1, slc6a4a, Mao, Htr3B, Htr4, and Htr7) in the duodenum and ileum of mice (P < 0.05). This study may pave the way for further investigation of the effects of strain-specific probiotics on the serotonergic system, which is currently in its infancy.